No less important were the terrorist attacks in berlin4 5and istanbul, which were examples of how terrorist attacks are permeating the international context as well. Describe the capabilities of the intelligence asset and the type of intelligence gathered by the intelligence agency. Relations with the islamic world analysis paper no. In the past couple of years isis islamic state of iraq and syria or isil islamic state of iraq and the levant or simply is, has been all over the news, yet the origins of the socalled islamic state began over a quarter of a century ago. Official site of the week magazine, offering commentary and analysis of the days breaking news and current events as well as arts, entertainment, people. Foreign designations and listings, community relations, relations with other groups, state sponsors and external influences. The evolution of the islamic state of iraq and the levant isil. The islamic state is, also known as isis or isil, is a salafijihadist militant organization whose goal is the establishment and expansion of a caliphate in iraq and syria and the creation of a global islamist movement. The islamic state is took the global stage in june 2014 and since has become one of the greatest threats to international peace and. View isis fast facts at and learn more about the islamic state in iraq and syria, also referred to as isil and is. Isis, isil or daesh was founded by a bloodthirsty religious zealot named abu musab al. Rand terrorism experts have analyzed the groups financing, management. Summarize who isis isil is and why isis isil is a threat to america. Their example may serve as a roadmap for what to expect from isis in mosul and other locations in iraq where isis has established military control.
The islamic state of iraq and syriaalso know as isis or isil is a jihadist militant group and terrorist organization that formed in 1999. Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. The rise and fall of isil explained isil al jazeera. Relationships 20042014 isil relationships, 20042014 negative relationships that were previously positive 1 the group currently known as islamic state of iraq and the levant isil was originally founded by abu musab alzarqawi. Islamic state is islamic state of iraq and ash sham isis islamic state of iraq isis or isil, is, also known as islamic state of iraq and sham isis, islamic state of iraq and syria, al qaeda in iraq, islamic state of iraq and the levant isil, islamic state, daesh daish, daish dawlatulislam filiraqi washsham is an active group formed c. Women who left the uk to join isil as a teenager had citizenship revoked one year ago on national security. By december 2017 it had lost 95 percent of its territory, including its two biggest properties, mosul, iraqs second largest city, and the northern syrian city of raqqa, its nominal capital. A history unpacks the origins of isis aka isil, isi, aqi through various lenses, including theology, political ideology, recent events, and dysfunctional government in iraq and syria. Isis is an extremist group formed from alqaeda offshoots in iraq and syria. Isis islamic state of iraq and syria, also known as isil islamic state of iraq and the levant, is a sunni jihadist group with a particularly violent ideology that calls itself a caliphate and claims religious authority over all muslims. Pdf at the height of its power, isis was perceived as the biggest contemporary terrorist threat to world security. It was inspired by al qaida but later publicly expelled from it. The main feature is an aggressive justification for terrorist attacks in egypt on palm sunda which killed at least 45 people and wounded at least 126 others.
The origins and evolution of isis in libya atlantic council. Abu musab alzarqawi is the man who founded isis cnbc. The history strategy and doomsday vision of the islamic state. The origins and evolution of isis in libya given the rich history of jihadist activities in libya over the past six years, retracing and investigating the origins and trajectory of the islamic state of iraq and alsham isis and other extremist actors presents actionable. The rise and fall of isis introduction no other development over the past 15 years better epitomizes the clash between and the merger of, modernity and tradition than the rise of isis islamic state of iraq and alsham, also known as isil islamic state of iraq and the levant or daesh. Gerges current history december 2014 there is no simple or quick solution to rid the middle east of isis because it is a manifestation. It has done so by exploiting the chaos in isis and the third wave of jihadism fawaz a. As isis conducts its military campaign in iraq and syria, it is important to observe how isis pursued this transition inside raqqa and other syrian cities. Islamic state of iraq and the levant simple english. Background, ideology and capabilities human security centre, defence and security, issue 2, no.
Isis summary of the war against islamic state youtube. M ost historians of the islamic state agree that the group emerged out of alqaeda in iraq as a response to the u. Rumiyah issue ten the ninth issue of the islamic states propaganda magazine rumiyah is entitled the ruling on the belligerent christians. A history if the islamic states history is any indication, then one should be concerned about it deepening political polarization and sectarianism in. In his audio message on 8th april, he included jabhat alnusra jn as well, which is a terrorist organisation active in syria and affiliated to alqaida, as part of isis. The group, still widely referred to as boko haram, subsequently split into two factions. Iraq washsham wilayah khorasan is a branch of the militant islamist group islamic state of iraq and the levant isil. Adhering to a salafi jihadist ideology, isis proclaimed the creation of a caliphate in the territories under its control on june 29, 2014. The islamic state is, also known as isis or isil, has garnered international condemnation for its brutal military and genocidal campaigns under ethnic and religious auspices. Based on the threat, select three intelligence agencies to generate actionable intelligence on isis isil. Both pose an ongoing security threat in nigeria and the surrounding lake chad basin region. Islamic state is islamic state of iraq and ash sham. So long as isis continue to succeed, they will expand and come into greater wealth, further increasing the regional threat they pose. Islamic state of iraq and the levant isil, or islamic state in iraq and syria isis, or islamic state, is is a sunni jihadist militant group.
The clarion project formerly clarion fund is a 501c3 nonprofit organization dedicated to educating both policy makers and the public about the growing phenomenon of islamic extremism. The tendency to call the group isis arose as they became active militants in the syrian civil war in 2012. Shamima begum loses appeal over citizenship removal. A history is a significant book with clear appeal beyond academic, diplomatic, and policymaking circles. The islamic state of iraq and the levant khorasan province isil kp.
The jihadi threat isis, alqaeda, and beyond robin wright united states institute of peace woodrow wilson center. Islamic state in iraq and the levant isil, arabic aldawlah alislamiyyah fi al. Boko haram and the islamic states west africa province. Lets look at a map and trace the rise and fall of the islamic state of iraq and syria daesh isis. Isis and the third wave of jihadism current history. The military of isil is the fighting force of the islamic state of iraq and the levant isil. Jerome donnelly, america written and argued with admirable clarity, isis.
Baghdadi rebranded the outfit as the islamic state of iraq and levant in april 20 freemen, 2014. After capturing large swaths of iraq and syria in 2014, the islamic. At its height, the islamic state also known as isis, isil, or daesh held about a third of syria and 40 percent of iraq. The history strategy and doomsday vision of the islamic state read. Islamic state of iraq and the levant khorasan province. It operates in libya, nigeria, syria and a small part of northern iraq. Levant isil or daesh1 and formerly known as the islamic state in iraq isi and alqaeda in iraq aqi, is an islamist terrorist organization created in 2003 in iraq by abu musab alzarqawi2.
According to gerges, isis came about as a direct result of the 2003 americanled invasion of iraq. Rand terrorism experts have analyzed the groups financing, management, and organization. It was more commonly known as alqaeda in iraq, or aqi. The rise and fall of the islamic state of iraq and alsham.
This is a highly recommended volume and one that sets the standard for those interested in understanding the. The total force size has been estimated from tens of thousands to over two hundred thousand. The jihadi threat united states institute of peace. Policy congressional research service summary the islamic state is, aka the islamic state of iraq and the levant, isil isis, or the arabic acronym daesh is a transnational sunni islamist insurgent and terrorist group that controlled large areas of iraq and syria from 2014 through 2017. As alsham is a region often compared with the levant or greater syria, the groups name has been variously translated as islamic state of iraq and alsham, islamic state of iraq and syria both abbreviated as isis, or islamic state of iraq and the levant abbreviated as isil. Three years after mosul takeover, here is a breakdown of isil s path from its very beginnings to its current decline. While isis s capacity to launch attacks in syria has significantly diminished, dropping from an average of 208 incidents per month in 2016 to just 121 incidents in january 2019 because of the loss of territorial control and operational capacity, the enduring activity of isis. In regards to isis, at least since october 2016, iraqi forces have been gaining territory in mosul, the secondlargest city of iraq, which had been taken by isis on june 10, 20143. Ultimately, isis seeks to unite the world under a single caliphate, and to that end the group has begun to establish satellite operations in nine countries. Official site of the week magazine, offering commentary and analysis of the days breaking news and current events as well as arts, entertainment, people and gossip, and political cartoons.
698 1116 588 490 299 1224 873 1332 183 467 168 475 1583 1456 542 834 46 1122 1454 1174 90 930 196 972 1086 523 1240 1328 430 1158